Tuesday, July 31, 2007

Desktop Linux - A Passionate Analysis - Part I

Introduction

Having read numerous articles about the current Desktop War that is going on; as GNU/Linux enthusiasts, developers and administrators writing mega bytes of articles, blogs and reports on amazing capabilities and caliber of GNU/Linux in Desktop and justify their theories and predictions on it's future, I decided to write my own Blog about what I like in Desktops and my reasons to believe that GNU/Linux satisfies those reasons fairly well though improvements are always there.

Note that most of my blog is entirely based on my experiences and the numerous articles I have read (I have tried to give references to most of them, but I couldn't since most of the articles are saved in my hard drive as ODF format copied from sites) and I have avoided the technical aspects (such as describing how one particular task is carried out in GNU/Linux vs Windows) at the most.

This article is for one who needs a very layman way of explaining such as "iPod is a digital and sophisticated Walkman with facility to store songs in it" rather than "iPod is a brand of portable media players designed and marketed by Apple. It can also transfer photos, videos, games, and calendars to the models that support them." and so on. Now let's get into the blog.

Past: Quick Preview

Years back, when GNU/Linux started becoming a mainstream, the main goal was to provide a robust operating system with tight security right out of the box and thus roaming much of its early years with a geek look and feel to it; however, over the years, realizing it’s not an easy task to capture the OS market unless the home user starts recognizing it, GNU/Linux developers and contributors started investing their time, thought and money in making GNU/Linux a full-featured general user desktop.

The biggest hurdle to bring this Geeky Operating System to the normal user was the Geek coating that came along with GNU/Linux, not to mention the lack of “driver” support from the hardware manufacturers and GNU/Linux hardliners (though their arguments are ethically valid to a large extent) who oppose proprietary drivers.

Modern GNU/Linux Desktops

The past two years saw major change in the way GNU/Linux distributions evolved. It became flashier, challenging the other operating systems with technologies implemented in the best possible ways and far, richer hardware support out of the box and thus making a mockery of the proprietary operating systems like Windows and Macintosh (Their 'it just works' happens because it's custom made hardware, just try installing OS X into any other hardware and you'll understand what I am talking about).

Now it has reached a point where each and every distribution brings out major change on in how the Operating System looks within a short span of time between each release. The leading desktop environments, KDE & GNOME brings rapid changes to give better Desktop experience to the normal users. Though there are other desktop environments that exists (Xfce, E17 to name a few), these two are the real leaders in evolving and giving best Desktop experiences. Despite severe criticism from the Linux founder, GNOME leads mightily along with KDE (The number one position among KDE and GNOME cannot be decided since every distribution comes with these two desktops and there is no survey on which desktop manager is being used by an individual).

The raising success of GNU/Linux is credited on being extraordinarily scalable and the ability to run on everything from handheld to supercomputers. Features in the Linux 2.6.x kernel have been particularly aimed at making the kernel easier to port to embedded Linux systems, as well as large multi-processor and enterprise-quality servers.

I have classified my analysis under 11 categories as below.

  • Usability
  • Administration & Maintenance
  • Choice
  • OS Response
  • Security
  • Hardware Detection
  • Customizability
  • Trustworthiness
  • Affordability
  • Bug Fixes & Patches
  • Backward Compatibility

I will take you through each points in a more elaborate way avoiding the technical aspects at most in my forth-coming blogs in this series which consists 13 parts. Sit back, relax and enjoy my blog. Please give me your criticism and comments. Anything healthy is accepted. See you all in next blog.

Wednesday, July 25, 2007

GNU/Linux Partitioning: A Myth

It’s annoying to read so much about partitioning under GNU/Linux being hard. Though I have installed various distributions (and still installing) for about 50 times in a year (without exaggeration) for myself, my friends and known people; this claim about “Partitioning under GNU/Linux is hard” is really baseless since I’ve never faced such complication till now even though I am not an extremely advanced user.

One possibility that I could think of is that a traditional windows user trying to install GNU/Linux as dual-boot might get confused when he/she sees hda, hdb, hdc instead of C:/, D:/, E:/ and so on. One thing to for an Windows user to understand here is that the way drives/devices are represented in GNU/Linux are different from that of Windows. In GNU/Linux all devices are treated as special files.

Thus, under GNU/Linux, if you have multiple partitions in single hard drive, the first partition representation of your typical first hard drive will be hda1 and continued by hda2, hda3 and so on. The second hard drive will be represented as hdb[partition number].

Most people get confused reading the Hard Drive representations under GNU/Linux partitioning when they install GNU/Linux for the first time (I did it myself the first time, but since I was a UNIX user, i knew a little about these representations). Other than this single issue which has to be understood before starting installations, I believe partitioning under GNU/Linux is as easy as compared to windows if you understand the meaning of root, swap and home spaces. In fact, you have more options and easy installation in GNU/Linux than Windows.

Most of us install GNU/Linux in a Pre-Installed Windows PC (or in a PC where Windows is already installed by someone other than OEM) which is pretty much straight forward. But have you ever tried installing Windows XP (or any other version of Windows for that matter) for dual boot in already installed GNU/Linux distribution without the help of any 3rd party tools (Like GParted, etc)?

GNU/Linux installation in a pre-installed Windows PC, lets me resize the windows partition (automatically or manually) and even copy the user-accounts before start installing without loosing a single data in Windows partition.

After the installation, the Boot Loader gives me choice of either booting into GNU/Linux or Windows with GNU/Linux (your distribution) as a default choice, waiting for 10 seconds or so, depending on your GRUB configuration. But installing Windows after GNU/Linux is a nightmare.

To prove my point, as an aspiring geek still at the beginner level, I held an experiment on my laptop which I have provided as screen shots. I have skipped the installation of GNU/Linux part to make it straight to the point. The screen shots shown here are taken right after the first boot on GNU/Linux right after the installation.

The installation was done under ‘Vmware Player’ with 25GB HDD space and 1GB RAM in a 160GB + 3GB RAM Laptop (HP DV5292 Dual Core) which solely runs Ubuntu (It was openSuSE until Ubuntu 7 arrived and n waiting for openSuSE 10.3).




The below is the login screen where you have to provide your user name and password. You can also avoid this screen by making your general user as auto login user.



Once the user name and password you'll get this screen which initializes services and peripherals before getting into the desktop.



The below is a plain, simple desktop at first boot.



Restart the GNU/Linux system (Note that the CD is already present – in faint icon).



Press 'Escape' to get into Boot Menu.



Select CD-ROM from the listed Boot devices.



Select CD-ROM Drive from the listed Boot Device Options.
Windows XP gets detected and asks to press any keep to boot form the CD to continue with Setup or Repair.



A much familiar set of screens comes copying various files.







The options are given either to start new installation of repair an installation or quit setup without doing anything. Press Enter key to start Windows XP installation.



Oops!!!



Well, seems to me that there is no chance of going ahead with windows installation at this point.



This has nothing to do with presenting driver software for Windows because when I install Windows first (another article about dual-installation in layman’s term), it installs without a hitch.

I guess no one complaints about GNU/Linux partitioning or GNU/Linux installation anymore. I intend to cover more of this during upcoming days (exclusively about dual-booting, partitioning, resolving the above faced situation, etc), till then. Yella, Bye.